Methods and Applications
by Shiqi Peng
Pharmaceutical Bioassays reviews the methods and applications of bioassays that quantify drug activity and evaluate the validity of pharmacological models.
- Covers bioassays that measure toxicity, including those for chemical toxicity and hepatoxicity—a particularly significant consideration in the development of safe and tolerable medications
- Highlights clinically relevant methods, ideas, and techniques to support any pharmaceutical researcher
- Suggests guidelines and systems to enhance communication between pharmacologists, chemists, and biologists
- Provides an informative analysis of pharmaceutical bioassay technologies and lab applications
Pharmaceutical Bioassays covers the evaluation and screening of drug compounds in a wide spectrum of therapeutic categories.
Contents
1. Methods and Application of Anticancer Bioassays
- MTT Assay for Six Carcinoma Cells
- Flow Cytometric Assay for Cell Apoptosis
- DNA Fragmentation Assay
- Bcl-XL/BH3 Interaction Assay
- Dissociation Enhanced Lanthanide Fluoro-immuno Assay (DELFIA)
- Ishikawa Cell and Rat Assay for Detecting Antiestrogens
- ATP Assay for Eight Cells
- Alkaline Phosphatase Activity Assay
- Tumor Endothelial Cell Tube Formation Assay
- Anti-Angiogenic Assay
- In Vivo Hollow Fiber Assay
- VX2 Rabbit Lung Assay
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Induced Kinase Receptor Activation Assay
- Insulin-Like gD·trkA Induced Kinase Receptor Activation Assay
- UV Spectra Based Calf Thymus DNA Intercalation Assay
- Fluorescence Spectra Based Calf Thymus DNA Intercalation Assay
- P-Glycoprotein Pump in MCF-7R Cells Assay
- P-Glycoprotein Pump Related Efflux Carriers Assay
- [3H]Substrate Transport Inhibition Assay
- Lactate Dehydrogenase Release Assay
- Functional Assay of Mitochondrial P-gp
- Resistance Index Value Assay
2. Methods and Application Antiviral Assay
- Nonradioactive HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Activity Assay
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Assay
- Influenza Virus Types A and B Assay
- Nasal Exhaled NO Concentration Assay
- Nasal NOS2 mRNA Quantity Assay
- RT-PCR and Swine Assay for Anti-HEV Antibody
- HIV-1 Protease and Reverse Transcriptase Kinetic Assay
- Anti-HIV Assay
- Robust Antiviral Assays
- HIV/SIV Fusion Assay
- Rapid DNA Hybridization Assay
- Antiviral Screening Assay for HepAD38 Cell Cultures
- Trak-CTM HCV Core Assay
3. Methods and Application of Antitubercular Assay
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis Assay
- DNA Polymerase β Lyase Assay
- Agar Dilution Assay for In Vitro Antitubercular Activity
- Microplate Alamar Blue Assay for In Vitro Antitubercular Activity
- Radiometric Respiratory Assay for In Vitro Antitubercular Activity
- Mycobacterium bovis BCG Inhibition Assay
4. Methods and Application of Thrombus Related Assays
- In Vitro Anti-Platelet Aggregation Assay
- Fibrinolytic Area Assay
- TXB2 and PGD2 TLC Assay
- TXA2 Synthase Activity Assay
- [Ca2+]i Measuring Assay
- Arachidonic Acid Liberation Assay
- Serotonin Secretion Assay
- cAMP Release Assay
- Ex Vivo Anti-Platelet Aggregation Assay for Patients
- ATP Release Assay
- PAF-Induced Mice Mortality Assay
- PGE2 and TXB2 ELISA
- Thrombelastograph Assay
- Image Monitored FeCl3-Induced Thrombosis Assay for Rat
- Weight Monitored FeCl3-Induced Thrombosis Assay for Rats
- Occlusion Time Monitored FeCl3-Induced Thrombosis Assay for Pig
- Doppler Blood Flow Monitored FeCl3-Induced Thrombosis Assay for Mouse
- Rat Groin Flap Assay
- Ferret Acute Thrombosis Assay
- Rat Acute Thrombosis Assay
- Arterio-Vermus Shunt Assay
- Plasma Clotting Time Assay
- Thromboembolic Photochemical Assay for Repeated Stroke in Mice
- Euglobulin Clot Lysis Assay
- Clot Formation and Lysis (CloFAL) Assay
- Fibrin Microplate Assay
- Fibrinolytic Activity Assay
- Fibrinolysis Assay
- Thrombolytic Assay
5. Methods and Application of Anticoagulation Assays
- Ecarin Chromogenic Assay
- Anticoagulation Activity Assay in An In Vitro System
- Anticoagulation Activity Assays in An In Vivo System
- Rat Thrombosis Assay
- In Vivo Microvascular IVC Blood Flow Assay
- Owren PT Assay
- Rabbit Double-Balloon Injury Assay
- A Rapid Point of Care Assay for Enoxaparin
- Thromboplastin Clotting Assay
- Rat Assay for Reproducible Stasis-Induced Venous Thrombosis
- In Vivo ACT II/Ecarin Clotting Time Assay
- Ex Vivo and In Vivo Anticoagulation Assay
- Plasma-Based Ecarin Clotting Time Assay for r-Hirudin
- Protamine Titration for Heparin in Whole Blood
- Automated Assay Evaluating Response of Kaolin ACT to Heparin
- Platelet/Monocyte Interaction Based PM Exposure Mouse Assay
- Mouse Tail-Bleeding Time Assay
- MRI Assay for Rabbit Atherosclerotic Lesions
- Spiral Computed Tomography Assay
- Duplex Ultrasound Assay
- Standard Hemochron Assay
- Platelet Serotonin Release Assay
- Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) Assay
- Rat Stroke Outcome Assay
6. Methods and Application of Blood Pressure Related Assay
- Human Plasma New Pressor Protein (NPP) Assay
- Pulmonary Hypertension Assay
- Coronary Arteries (CA) Constriction Assay
- MRI and Brain Natriuretic Peptide Assays
- Competition Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Right Ventricular Pressure Assay
- Plasma Nitrite/Nitrate Concentration Assay
- Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Caused Rat Pulmonary Artery Pressure Assay
- Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Caused Rat Protein and mRNA Assay
- N-Terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (N-T proBNP) Assay
- Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) Assay
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Level Assay
- Antispasmodic Agent In Vivo Action Assay
- Temperature Assay in Awake Subjects
7. Methods and Application of PD and GD Related Assays
- Flow Cytometric Assay for Cellular DNA Content and Caspase-3
- Swine Resuscitation Assay
- HTLV-tax1 or pMuLV-SV-nlslacZ Vectors Transfected Cell Assay
- Parkinsonian Rat Assay
- ELISA for Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Antigen
- Assay for β-Nerve Growth Factor Levels in Cerebrospinai Fluid
- MDCK Scatter Assay
- Facial Nerve and Spinal Root Avulsions
- TRAb Assays
- Human Thyrotropin Receptor (hTSHR) Assay
- Soluble ICAM-1, TSAb and TBIAb Activity Assays
- Microarray Immunoassay for hTSHr Production
- Affinity Assay for [35S]GTP?S Binding to Gas/olf
- Tissue Segment Binding Assay for α1B-Adrenoceptor
- Membrane Binding Assay with Rat Cerebral Cortex for α1B-Adrenoceptor
- Whole Cell Binding Assay for α1B-Adrenoceptor
- Functional Assay for α1A,B-Adrenoceptor
- Rat Neuroprotective Assay
- GABA-Benzodiazepine Receptor Assay
- Forced Swimming and Tail Suspension Assays
- IGF-I Kinase Receptor Activation (KIRA) Assay
- gD.trkA Kinase Receptor Activation (KIRA) Assay
- gD.trk KIRA-ELISA
- Assays for Cannabinoid Receptors in Rat Cerebella or Mouse Brains
8. Methods and Application of Alzheimer’s Disease Assay
- Assay for Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Cortex of AD Mice
- Reporter Assay for Primary Neuronal Cultures
- Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA)
- Binding Assays Using Aggregated Aβ peptide in Solution
- Assay for Muscarinic Receptor 1 in Alzheimer’s Dementia Model
- β-Secretase Activity Assay
- Aβ Fibril Binding Assay
- TLC and Microplate Assays for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
- Immunocapture Assay Measuring Specific Enzyme Activity of Neprilysin
- In Vivo AChE Inhibition Assay
- Single Particle Assay for Aβ Aggregates
- Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay
- Mouse Behavioral Assays
- Center of Pressure (CoP) Assay in Mice
- Assay for Plasma Levels of DJ-1
- Membrane Filter Assay for Tau Aggregation
- Assays for Motor Neuron Degeneration
- HPLC Assay for Neuroprotective Agent in Mice Plasma
- Tissue Culture Assays for SOD1 Mutations
- Luciferase-Based Reporter Assay
9. Methods and Application of Antiosteoporosis Assay
- Rat Bone Mineral Density Assay
- Osteoblastic Cell Proliferation and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Activity Assays
- Murine Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cell Calcification and Van Kossa Assays
- Osteoclast Generation Assay for Male Senile Rat
- Bone Resorption and Recovery Related Assays
- Mouse Bone Mineral Density Assay
- PPAR-γ Competitor Assay
- Human Serum Estrogen Level Assay
- Luciferase Activity Assay
- IL-1β and TNF-α Level Assay
- ER Binding and Receptor Activity Assays
- Fluorescent Estrogen Receptor Assay
- ELISA for Urinary Helical Peptide
- Urine Midmolecule Osteocalcin Assay
- BMD and Osteocalcin Assay
10. Methods and Application of Immunomodulating Assay
- Rat Mast Cell Histamine-Release Assay
- Rabbit Aortic Force Assay
- Dopaminergic Cell Death Based Neural Transplantation Assay
- Mast Cell Degranulation Assay
- Basophils Assay as Allergen
- RBL-2H3 Cell Desensitization Assay
- Migration Assay of Dendritic Cell from PBMCs
- Mouse EAE Induction Assay
- COSTIM Assay for DC/T-Cells
- Cytokine Assay for L-6, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α of DCs
- ELISPOT Assay for DCs’ IFN-g
- DC Function Assay for Evaluating Toll-like Receptor Function
- Migration Assay of Dendritic Cell from Bone Marrow of A/J Mice
- Lymphoid Organ Assay
- ELISA of IFN-γ from Human Myelomonocytic KG-1 Cells
- Human Whole Blood IFN- γ Assays
- Sheep Whole Blood IFN- γ Assays
- ELISPOT Assay for IFN- γ
- IFN-β RG Assay
- Anti-rHuEPO NAb Assay
- Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase Assay
- Chemotaxis Assay
- Fibroblast-Populated Microsphere Assay
- Fibroblast-Populated Concentric Microsphere Assay
- Radial Assay of Chemotaxis
- Antibody Forming Cell Assay
- Immunosuppressive Assay
- Cell Based ELISA
- Large Animal Lung Transplantation Assay
11. Methods and Application of Anti-inflammatory Assay
- Adhesion Formation Assay
- Ligand Complex Based Adhesion Assay
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Assay
- Pleurisy Mouse Assay
- Proliferation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Assay
- COX-1, COX-2 and 5-LOX Assay with [1-14C]Arachidonic Acid
- COX-1 and COX-2 Assay with Human Whole Blood
- o-Hydroxyleukotriene B4 Assay
- Rolling and Adherent of Leukocytes Assay
- CCR5 Receptor Binding Assay
- Tissue Binding Affinity Assay
- G93A-SOD1 Transgenic Mouse Assay
- MCP-1 Induced ERK1 and ERK2 Phosphorylation Assay
- LPS and IL-6 Induced ERK1 and ERK2 Phosphorylation Assay
- ELA4.NOB-1/CTLL Cell Assay
- FK506 Binding Protein 51 (FKBP51) mRNA Assay
- Xylene-Induced Ear Edema Assay
12. Methods and Application of Antioxidant Activity Assay
- Blood and Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) Assay
- Ferric Reducing-Antioxidant Power (FRAP) Assay
- Human LDL Oxidation Assay
- DPPH Radical Cation Scavenging Assay
- ABTS+ Radical Cation Scavenging Assay
- Lipid Peroxidation Assay Using Rat Brain Tissue
- Flow Through Chemiluminescence (FTCL) Assay
- Superoxide Radical Scavenging Assay
- Deoxyribose Assay for Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity
- DNA Nicking Assay for Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity
- Oxidative Lag-Time Assay
- TBARS and Electrophoresis Assay
- Reporter and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA).
- [Ca2+]cyt Assay
- Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay
- FT-IR Based Assay for Antioxidation Activity of Ionol and Piperidone
- HPLC Assay for Anti-oxidation Potential of Polyphenol
- ROS Production Assay
- Rabbit LDL Oxidation Assay
- ROS Scaverging Assays
- DNA Damage Assay
- Egg Yolk Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) Assay
- Mouse Catalase (CAT) Assay
- Rat Tissue Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) Assay
- Antioxidant Activity Assay for β-Carotene/Linoleic Acid System
- Rat Brain Tissue NO Assay
- Rat Brain Antioxidative Enzyme Assay
- Rat Brain Hippocampi Protein Oxidation Assay
13. Methods and Application of Analgesic Assay
- Algogenic Activity Assay for Rat Ureteral Stone
- Cold Pressor Based Assay for Acute Pain of Healthy Volunteers
- Heat Based Assay for Acute Pain of Healthy Volunteers
- Electrical Stimulation Based Assay for Acute Pain of Healthy Volunteers
- Radiant Heat Tail-Flick Assay for Mice
- Pain Behaviors/Responses Assays in Rats
- Hot Plate Assay in Rats
- Plantar Assay in Rats
- Hot Plate Assay in Mice
- Paw and Tail Formalin Assays in Mice
- Rat Assays for Bone Cancer Pain
- Mouse Assay for Hind Paw Cancer Pain
- Visceral Pain Assay
- Canine Nociceptive Thermal Escape Assay in Dog
- Carrageenan Assay in Rats
- Electrophysiological Assay for Mice with Tumor-Evoked Hyperalgesia
- Mouse Assay for Bone Cancer Pain
14. Methods and Application of Epilepsy assay
- Handling-Induced Seizure Susceptibility (HISS) Assay
- Mouse Locomotor Activity Assay
- Mouse Diathesis-Stress Assay
- Social Interaction Assay
- Spatial Learning Ability Assay for Recurrent Seizure Rats
- Timed Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) Infusion Assay for Mice
- PTZ Seizure Assay for Mice
- Maximal Electroconvulsions Threshold Assay for Mice
- Maximal Electroshock Seizure (MES) Assay
- 6Hz Psychomotor Seizure Assay for Mice
- Subcutaneous Bicuculline and Picrotoxin Assay for Mice
- N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-Induced Convulsions Assay for Mice
- Audiogenic Seizure (AGS) Assay
- Kindled Rat Assay for Focal Seizures
- Cobalt/Homocysteine Assay for Status Epilepticus of Rats
- PTZ-Induced Kindling Assay
- Increasing-Current Electroshock Seizure (ICES) Assay for Mice
15. Methods and Application of Diabetes Assay
- Islet Xenograft Assay for Diabetic Mice
- Assays for Spontaneous Diabetes and Adoptive Transfer of Diabetes
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Assays for Patients
- Injection Glucose Tolerance Assays for Rats
- Renal Cortical TGF-β1 Protein Assays for Rats
- Low Dose Streptozotocin Treated Heminephre Ctomized Rat Assay
- Rat Early Diabetic Nephropathy Assay
- Urinary Endothelin-1 Excretion Assay for Type II Diabetes Rats
- Subtotally Nephrectomized Rat Assay
- Type II Diabetes Mice Assay
16. Methods and Application of Assay for Toxins from Microorganism
- Colorimetric Yeast Assay for Trichothecene Mycotoxins
- Colorimetric Cell Proliferation Assay
- Yeast DEL Assay
- NCCLS and EUCAST Assays
- Alcohol Dehydrogenase Based Colorimetric Assays
- Colorimetric Assay for Iron in Yeast
- Mcroplate Redox Assays of E. Coli
- Ciliate Tetrahymena Thermophila Assay for Trichothecene Mycotoxins
- Fluorescent Dyes Based Cell Viability Assay for Triton X-100 Toxicity
- MTT Assay for Fusarium Mycotoxins
- Mortality and Frass Production Assay for Toxicity of Bacterial Strains
- Cell Toxicity Assay
- Dehydrogenase (Dhase) Inhibition Assay
- Sediment Toxicity Assay
- Toxicity Assay of Particle-Associated Arsenite and Mercury
- Genetic Toxicity Assay
- Microtoxβ Assays
- DNA Piezoelectric Biosensor Assay
- Protein Phosphatase Inhibition Assay and ELISA of Microcystins
- Lepidium Sativum Assay for Microcystin Toxicity
- Antiproliferative Assay for Interleukin-4
17. Methods and Application of Toxicity Assay for Chemicals
- Lux-Fluoro Assay for Combined Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity of Chemicals
- Flow Cytometry and Microscopy Based Assay
- Cell Transformation Assay
- ALIC-Based Assay for Toxicity of Chemicals in SPM
- Immunization in the Murine Assay
- Immunotoxicological Functional Assay
- PWM-Induced IgM Assay for Toxicity of Chemicals
- Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-Induced Toxicity Assay
- H4IIE EROD Assay
- Rat Mutation Assay
- Ah Receptor and Related Assay
- Ectonucleotidase Expression Assay
- Toxicity Equivalent Quantity (TEQ) Assay
- Enzyme Lacking Arachidonic Acid Epoxygenase Activity Assay
- Japanese Medaka Embryo-Larval Assay
- Green Fluorescent Protein-Based Cell Assay
- RACB Assay for Ovarian Toxicity of Xenobiotics
- Uroepithelial Cell Assay
- Male Rat Systemic Toxicity Assay
- 28 Day Oral Toxicity Assay
- Endocrine Disruptors Assay
- Mating Efficiency Assay
- Soils Assay for Contaminants and Toxicity
- Rice Nitrate Reductase Activity Assay
- Tradescantia-Micronucleus Assay
- Nitric Oxide Neurotoxicity Assay
- EBV-Transformed Human Burkitt’s Lymphoma Cell Assay
- Murine Bone Marrow Assay for Haemopoietic and Osteogenic Toxicity
- Pnar-gfp Assay for Carcinogenic Toxicity of Nitrate
- Brine Shrimp (Artemia Salina) Assay
- DPPH Radical Scavenging Property Assay
18. Methods and Application of Hepatoxicity and Hepatoprotective Assay
- GST-P Enzyme-Altered Foci Assay
- GST-P+ and TGF-α+ Foci Assay
- Partial Hepatectomy Assay
- In Vivo Short-Term Liver Initiation Assay in Rats
- TUNEL Related Aassay
- Haematopoietic Progenitor Cells Mobilization Assay
- Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
- Telomerase Activity Assay
- Von Willebrand Factor (vWf) Level Assay
- Bromodeoxyuridine Incorporation Assay
- NF-kB Activation Assay
- Rat Summation of Initiation Activity Assay
- Hepatoprotective Assay
- Cytokine Gene Expression Assay
- Competitive Inhibition Assay
- Marine Toxin Okadaic Acid (OA) Assay
- Antibody-Based Assays for Omega-Conotoxin MVIIA
- Rituximab Assays
- Immunological Assay
- Proliferation Assay for of Bovine Capillary Endothelial Cells
- Body Weight Based Liver Tumor Incidence Assay
19. Methods and Application of Estrogen Assay
- Yeast Oestrogen Assay
- In Vivo, Ex Vivo and In Vitro Assays for Estrogen-Like Effect
- Ameliorative Yeast Assay
- In Yeast Two-Hybrid Assay
- Estrogen-Sensitive Yeast Strain RMY/ER-ERE Assay
- Bioluminescent Yeast Assays
- LYES Assay
- ERα and ERβ Stable Transactivation Assay
- HELNα and HELN? Transfected Cell Assay
- Luciferase Reporter Gene Assay
- Target AKT Pathway’s Assay
- Luciferase Assay
- Androgen Receptor Transactivation Assay
- Green Fluorescent Protein Expression Assay
- Luteinising Hormone Releasing Hormone (LHRH) Assay
- Ishikawa Endometrial Cancer Cell Assay for Estrogen Receptor Expression
- Ishikawa Cell Assay for 11?-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 Activity
- Ishikawa Cell Assay for Estrogen Activity
- Ishikawa Cell Assay for Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
- Testosterone Induction Assay with Sertoli Cell
- Electrophoretic Mobility and Antibody Shift Assays
20. Methods and Application of Antimalarial Assay
- Plasmodium Falciparum and Murine P388 Leukemia Cell Assay
- Antiplasmodial Activity Assay
- Plasmodium Falciparum Growth In Vitro Assay
- Antibody Assay for Red Blood Cell Polymorphisms
- Leishmania Macrophage Assay
- Lactate Dehydrogenase Based Antiplasmodial Assay
- Histidine-Rich Protein II Assay
- Histidine-Rich Protein II Assay
- Antimalarial Activity Assay
- Plasmodium Yoelii Liver Stage Parasites Inhibition Assay
- In Vivo Antimalarial Assay
- β-Hematin Inhibition Assay
- Non-radiolabelled Ferriprotoporphyrin IX Biomineralisation Inhibition Assay
- Survival of Anopheles Gambiae Assay
- Chloroquine Assay
- MS Assay for Quantification of Chloroquine in Dog Plasma
- Sensitive Fluorescence HPLC Assay for AQ-13
- HPLC and HPTLC Assays for Chloroquine, Primaquine and Bulaquine
- Real-Time PCR Based Chloroquine Sensitivity Assay
- Rat Embryos In Vitro Assay
- HPLC-MS Assay for β-DHA in Rat Plasma
- Plasmodium Falciparum Clone and DHA Assay
21. Methods and Application of Cytogenetic Receptor and Enzyme Assay
- UT-7/EPO Cell Proliferation and Neutralizing Anti-EPO Antibody Assays
- Assay System for Biotin Protein Ligase (BPL) from Escherichia Coli
- β-Galactosidase and α-Amylase Biosynthesis Assays
- Penicillin-Binding Protein (PBP 5) and Vancomycin Activity Assays
- Recombinant Bacteria Assay Evaluating Androgen Biosynthesis
- UDP-Glc 4-Epimerase Assay
- ATPs Exchange Assays
- Lux-Fluoro Assay for Combined Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity
- Reporter Gene Assay for Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor
- CYP1A Enzyme Assay
- CYP1A Activity (EROD) Assay
- Deubiquitinating Enzyme (DUB) Activity Assay
- Flow Cytometric Assay
- Serum Neutralization Assay Based on rHMPV-GFP
- Yellow Fluorescent Protein-Based Assay
- Red Fluorescent Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Assay
- Green Fluorescent Protein-Based Assay
- DNA Break Assay in HepG2 Cells
Index