Artificial Cells, Cell Engineering and Therapy provides a comprehensive study of the most recent advances in the field and its practical applications.

Part One offers the reader an introduction to the basics of artificial cell technology with chapters on its origins, design, current status within medicine and future prospects.

Part Two covers apoptosis, the use of bone marrow stromal cells in myocardial regeneration together with signalling and tissue engineering.

Part Three discusses artificial cells for therapy, procedures for various clinical conditions and the current status of the discipline within the field.

Part Four covers the role of artificial cells in medicine with particular focus on the use of artificial cells as blood substitutes and their potential use in myocardial regeneration, drug delivery and in treating kidney and bowel diseases, diabetes and cancer.

Features:

• introduces the basics of artificial cell technology
• provides a comprehensive study of the most recent advances in artificial cells, cell engineering and cell therapy
• discusses the design, engineering and uses of artificial cells
• looks at artificial cells as blood substitutes and their potential use in treating kidney diseases, diabetes and cancer
• a valuable reference for researchers, students and practitioners in the field

Contents

Part One: The Artificial Cell

Introduction to artificial cells: concept, history, design, current status and future

• Introduction: concept and history
• Designing an artificial cell
• Microcapsule design membrane materials
• The diversity of artificial cell preparation methods
• Production of artificial cells: microencapsulation technologies
• Artificial cell microcapsule membrane characterization
• Artificial cells: current status and future prospective

Polymeric hydrophilic polymers in targeted drug delivery

• Properties and classification of hydrophilic polymers
• Targeting mechanisms and materials approaches

The artificial cell design: liposomes

• Liposome structure and preparation
• Conventional liposome formulations
• Targeted drug delivery using liposomes

The artificial cell design: nanoparticles

• Nanoparticles in vivo property
• Polymeric nanoparticles design
• Medical applications of nanoparticles
• Commercial development of nanoparticles

Part Two: Cell Engineering

The cutting edge: apoptosis and therapeutic opportunity

• Apoptosis
• Apoptosis and neurodegeneration
• Cell death during stroke
• Stroke management
• Neuronal cell death and parkinson’s disease
• Therapeutics
• Advances in development of neuro-protective agents
• Neuronal cell death and alzheimer’s disease
• Cancer introduction

Bone marrow stromal cells in myocardial regeneration and the role of cell signalling

• Cellular cardiomyoplasty and myocardial repair
• Mesenchymal stromal cells as adult stem cells
• Plasticity of adult MSC: milieu-dependent differentiation
• Cardiomyocytic differentiation of MSC
• Stem cell niche
• Cell signalling and mechanisms of differentiation
• Homing of the MSC to the infected site
• Therapeutic use of MSC

Musculoskeletal tissue engineering with skeletal muscle-derived stem cells

• Identification of the optimal cell source
• Ability for cell expansion ex vivo
• Cell engineering for therapeutic applications
• Current progress with MDSCs

Part Three: Artificial Cells for Cell Therapy

Artificial cell for oral delivery of live bacterial cells for therapy

• Current therapies based on the oral delivery of live bacterial cells
• Potential of artificial cells for live therapeutic bacterial cell oral delivery
• Principle of artificial cells for oral delivery of bacterial cells for therapy
• Design and preparation: different immobilization technologies

Artificial cells in liver disease

• Preparation of microencapsulated hepatocytes
• Microencapsulated hepatocytes
• Clinical experience with hepatocyte transplantation
• Artificial cells in bioartificial liver support systems
• The artificial cell bioartificial liver – preliminary studies

Artificial cells as a novel approach to gene therapy

• Gene therapy: a historical perspective
• Experience with gene therapy
• Cellular aspects of artificial cell gene therapy
• Application to mendelian genetic diseases
• Cancer gene therapy: an expansion from mendelian disorders

Capillary devices for therapy

• Hollow fibre (HF) membrane and its evaluation
• Biomedical applications of the hollow fibre based devices

Part Four: The Clinical Relevance of Artificial Cells and Cell Engineering

Artificial cells in medicine: with emphasis on blood substitutes

• Red blood cell substitutes
• Delivery of enzymes, drugs and genes
• Hemoperfusion and biosorbents
• Cell encapsulation: hepatocytes, islets, stem cells and others

Bone marrow stromal cells as ‘universal donor cells’ for myocardial regeneration therapy

• Current therapy for heart failure
• The innate capacity for myocardial regeneration
• The role of bone marrow stromal cells for myocardial regeneration
• Limitation of current cell therapy procedure
• Unique immunological properties of MSCs
• Current hypothesis of zenogeneic MSCs immunotolerance

Myocardial regeneration, tissue engineering and therapy

• Background
• Current status

Kidney diseases and potentials of artificial cells

• Renal failure
• Current renal therapy options
• Limitations and complications of current treatment protocols
• Artificial cells for the treatment of renal failure

Engineered cells for treatment of diabetes

• Approaches for restoring regulated insulin secretion
• Islet and ß-cell transplantation
• Development of insulin producing cells from stem/progenitor cells
• Insulin-producing cells derived from liver cells
• Insulin-producing cells derived from intestine epithelial cells
• Insulin-producing cells derived from bone marrow
• Approaches for immunoprotection of transplanted insulin-producing cells
• Encapsulation of islets and insulin-producing cells

Drug delivery system for active brain targeting

• Brain disease
• The BBB and BCSFB
• The strategies
• Surface modification
• Several drug delivery systems of active brain targeting

Artificial cells in enzyme therapy with emphasis on tyrosinase for melanoma in mice

• Tryosinase artificial cells and melanoma: background
• In vitro and in vivo enzyme kinetics of artificial cells encapsulated tyrosinase
• In vitro and in vivo enzyme kinetics of nanodimension artificial cells consisting of polyhemoglobin-tyrosinase
• Effects of polyHb-tyrosinase on melanoma mice model
• Effects of combined methods on lowering systematic tyrosine level in rats

Stem cell and regenerative medicine: commercial and pharmaceutical implications

• Impact of innovative technologies in health care
• Tissue engineering and cell therapy: selected applications
• The role of government, profit and non-profit institutions in realising the potential
• Cells as products under FDA guidelines

Inflammatory bowel diseases: current treatment strategies and potential for drug delivery using artificial cell microcapsules

• Therapeutic goals
• Current therapies
• Newer therapies
• Biologic therapy
• Anti TNF
• IL-10
• Probiotics and prebiotics
• Gene therapy
• Limitations of current therapies
• Topical delivery methods
• Current strategies for oral delivery of IBD medication
• Delivery using artificial cell microcapsules

Carrier-mediated and artificial-cell targeted cancer drug delivery

• Carrier-mediated and artificial-cell targeted cancer drug delivery

Index

click here to see books • videos • cd-roms of related interest