Features of Bioengineering of the Skin:

• Provides a comprehensive overview of the ultrastructure and biophysical mechanisms of the epidermal barrier
• Explains the instruments used for measuring transepidermal water loss and epidermal moisture
• Gives detailed instructions on how to conduct product testing with these instruments
• Brings up-to-date all of the research on epidermal and transepidermal water loss in health and disease

This second edition of the popular text Bioengineering of the Skin: Water and Stratum Corneum reflects the progress in the field, focusing on the dramatically improved understanding of skin physiology. Specifically, it reviews the shift in our understanding of the stratum corneum from an inert surrounding sheet to a biologically active compartment.

Based on a large number of recent publications, this book explains the mechanisms involved in stratum corneum barrier function and hydration. It reflects 10 years of progress not only of the non-invasive biophysical assessment of skin physiology parameter, but also of the perfection of the available devices. It brings all research on epidermal water and transepidermal water loss in health and disease up-to-date with the revision of existing chapters as well as added chapters from new contributors on hydration and itching. This edition also includes new guidelines on the standardization of measurements.

Bioengineering of the Skin will enhance communication within the research community and will be useful for scientists in the skin bioengineering field by presenting methods that offer reliable and reproducible approaches for product testing in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, as well as for basic research.

Contents

1. Introduction
   • Water-Lipid Interaction
   • Water-Keratin Interaction
   • Stratum Corneum pH: and Ions - Distribution and Importance
   • Occlusion

2. Transepidermal Water Loss and Barrier Function
   • Transepidermal Water Loss Measurements in Dermato-Cosmetic Sciences
   • Ultrasound and Water in the Stratum Corneum
   • Standardization of Measurements and Guidelines
   • Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL) and its Relation to Barrier Function and Skin Irritation
   • Transepidermal Water Loss and Allergic Contact Dermatitis, Stefania Seidenari
   • TEWL and Racial differences
   • Sensitive Skin and Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL)
   • Transepidermal Water Loss and Barrier Function of Aging Human Skin
   • Atopic Dermatitis and Other Skin Diseases
   • Transepidermal Water Loss and Dry Skin
   • Bioengineering Correlates of the Sensitive Skin Syndrome: The Sensory Irritation Component
   • Barrier Recovery
   • Testing the Efficacy of Moisturizer
   • Dynamic Measurements: POST, MAT and SDT

3. Water Content
   • Assessment of Stratum Corneum Hydration: Corneometer CM 825
   • Hardware and Measuring Principles: The NOVATM DPM
   • Hardware and Measuring Principles: The Computerized DermaLab® TEWL Probe
   • Electrical Assessment of Skin Hydration: Standardization of Measurements and Guidelines
   • Hydration and Moisturizers
   • Infant Skin Hydration
   • Hydration and Atopic Dermatitis
   • Within and Beyond the Skin Barrier as Seen by Electrical Impedance
   • Hydration, Psoriasis and Ekzema: The Dry Surface-High Evaporative Water Loss Paradox
   • Hydration and Lipids
   • Xerotic Skin and Impairment of Barrier Function Associated to Itch
   • Testing and Efficacy of Barrier Creams
   • Testing of Moisturizer

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