Cancer Risk Assessment indentifies hazards, determines dose-response relationships, and assesses exposure to characterize the true risk. This book focuses on the quantitative methods for conducting chemical cancer risk assessments for solvents, metals, mixtures, and nanoparticles. It links these to the basic toxicology and biology of cancer, along with the impacts on regulatory guidelines and standards. By providing insightful perspective, Cancer Risk Assessment helps researchers develop a discriminate eye when it comes to interpreting data accurately and separating relevant information from erroneous.

Contents

Section 1: Cancer Risk Assessment, Science Policy and Regulatory

1. Cancer Risk Assessment
2. Science Policy and Cancer Risk Assessment
3. Hazard and Risk Assessment of Chemical Carcinogenicity within a Regulatory Context
4. Use of Cancer Risk Assessments in Determination of Regulatory Standards

Section 2: Cancer Biology and Toxicology

5. The Interplay of Cancer and Biology
6. Chemical Carcinogenesis: A Brief History of its Concepts with a Focus on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
7. Hormesis and Cancer Risks: Issues and Resolution
8. Thresholds for Genotoxic Carcinogens: Evidence from Mechanism-Based

Section 3: Genetic Toxicology, Testing Guidelines and Regulations and Novel Assays

9. Development of Genetic Toxicology Testing and its Incorporation into Regulatory Health Effects Test Requirements
10. Genetic Toxicology Testing Guidelines and Regulations
11. In Vitro Genetox Assays
12. In Vivo Genetox Assays and Transgenic mutation models

Section 4: Assessing the Human Relevance of Chemical-Incuced Tumors

13. Framework Analysis for Determining Mode of Action and Human Relevance
14. Experimental Animal Studies and Carcinogenicity
15. Cancer Epidemiology
16. Rodent Hepatocarcinogenesis
17. Mode of Action Analysis and Human Relevance of Liver Tumors Induced by PPAR-alpha Activation
18. Alpha2u-globulin-Nephropathy and Chronic Progressive Nephropathy. as Modes of Action for Renal Tubule Tumour Induction in Rats, and their Possible Interaction
19. Urinary Tract Calculi and Bladder Tumors

Section 5: Methods for Informing Cancer Risk Quantification

20. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) Analysis of Genotoxic and Nongenotoxic carcinogens: A State-of-the-art overview
21. Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Models in Cancer Risk Assesment
22. Omics and Its Role in Cancer Risk Assessment
23. Computational Toxicology in Cancer Risk Assessment

Section 6: General Approaches for Quantifying Cancer Risks

24. Linear Low-Dose Extrapolations
25. Quantitative Cancer Risk Assessment of Nongenotoxic Carcinogens
26. Nonlinear Low-Dose Extrapolations
27. Cancer Risk Assessment: More Uncertain than We Thought
28. Combining Neoplasms for Evaluation of Rodent Carcinogenesis Studies
29. Cancer Risk Based on an Individual Tumor Type or Summing of Tumors
30. Exposure Reconstruction and Cancer Risk Estimate Derivation

Index

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