Catalytic Air Pollution Control
Commercial Technology
Third Edition
by Ronald M. Heck

Catalytic Air Pollution Control enables readers to take full advantage of the latest commercially available catalytic systems.

Serving as a bridge from academic research to industrial applications, the book emphasizes real-world catalytic system performance, using clear, straightforward language.

Catalytic Air Pollution Control is divided into four parts:

• Part One, Fundamentals, explains the kinetics, characterization, preparation, and deactivation modes for environmental catalysts
• Part Two, Mobile Sources, discusses the application of catalytic systems for mobile source emission control, automobile catalytic converters, diesel filters and catalysts, and the decomposition of ozone in high-flying aircraft
• Part Three, Stationary Sources, describes the stationary application of catalysts, including volatile organic compounds, reduction of nitric oxides, and oxication of gaseous carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons
• Part Four, Emerging Techologies, presents new and emerging applications that, if fully developed and commercialized, will dramatically change current catalytic technology for environmental control

Contents

Fundamentals

1. Catalyst Fundamentals

• Catalyzed Verses Non-Catalyzed Reactions
• Catalytic Components
• Selectivity
• Promoters and their Effect on Activity and Selectivity
• Dispersed Model for Catalytic Component on Carrier: Pt on Al2O3
• Chemical and Physical Steps in Heterogeneous Catalysis
• Practical Significance of knowing the Rate-Limiting Step

2. The Preparation of Catalytic Materials: Carriers, Active Components, and Monolithic Substrates

• Carriers
• Making the Finished Catalyst
• Nomenclature for Dispersed Catalysts
• Monolithic Materials as Catalyst Substrates
• Preparing Monolithic Catalysts
• Catalytic Monoliths
• Catalyzed Monoliths Nomenclature
• Precious Metal Recovery from Monolithic Catalysts

3. Catalyst Characterization

• Physical Properties of Catalysts
• Chemical and Physical Morphology Structures of Catalytic Materials
• Techniques for Fundamental Studies

4. Monolithic Reactors for Environmental Catalysis

• Chemical Kinetic Control
• The Arrhenius Equation and Reaction Parameters
• Bulk Mass Transfer
• Reactor Bed Pressure Drop

5. Catalyst Deactivation

• Thermally Induced Deactivation
• Poisoning
• Washcoat Loss
• General Comments on Deactivation Diagnostics in Monolithic Catalysts for Environmental Applications

Mobile Source

6. Automotive Catalyst

• Emissions and Regulations
• The Catalytic Reactions for Pollution Abatement
• The Physical Structure of the Catalytic Converter
• First-Generation Converters: Oxidation Catalyst (1976-1979)
• NOx, CO and HC Reduction: The Second Generation: The Three Way Catalyst (1979 - 1986)
• Vehicle Test Procedures (U.S., European and Japanese)
• NOx, CO and HC Reduction: The Third Generation (1986 - 1992)
• Palladium TWC Catalyst: The Fourth Generation (Mid-1990s)
• Low Emission Catalyst Technologies
• Modern TWC Technologies for the 2000s
• Towards a Zero-Emission Stoichiometric Spark-Ignit Vehicle
• Engineered Catalyst Design
• Lean-Burn Spark-Ignited Gasoline Engines

7. Automotive Substrates

• Introduction to Ceramic Substrates
• Requirements for Substrates
• Design Sizing of Substrates
• Physical Properties of Substrates
• Physical Durability
• Advances in Substrates
• Commercial Applications

8. Diesel Engine Emissions

• Worldwide Diesel Emission Standards
• NOx-Particulate Tradeoff
• Analytical Procedures for Particulates
• Particulate Removal
• NOX Reduction Technologies
• 2007 Commercial System Designs (PM Removal Only)
• 2010 Commercial System Approaches under Development (PM and NOx Removal)
• Retrofit and Off-Highway
• Natural Gas Engines

9. Diesel Catalyst Supports and Particulate Filters

• Health Effects of Diesel Particulate Emissions
• Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Supports
• Design/Sizing of Diesel Particulate Filter
• Regeneration Techniques
• Physical Properties and Durability
• Advances in Diesel Filters

10. Ozone Abatement within Jet Aircraft

• Ozone Abatement
• Deactivation
• Analysis of In-Flight Samples
• New Technology

Stationary Sources

11. Volatile Organic Compounds

• Catalytic Incineration
• Halogenated Hydrocarbons
• Food Processing
• Wood Stoves
• Process Design
• Deactivation
• Regeneration of Deactivated Catalysts

12. Reduction of NOx

• Nonselective Catalytic Reduction of NOx
• Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx
• Commercial Experience
• Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
• Catalytically Supported Thermal Combustion

13. Carbon Monoxide and Hydrocarbon Abatement from Gas Turbines

• Catalyst for CO Abatement
• Non-Methane Hydrocarbon (NMHC) Removal
• Oxidation of Reactive Hydrocarbons
• Oxidation of Unreactive Light Paraffins
• Catalyst Deactivation

14. Small Engines

• Emissions
• EPA Regulations
• Catalyst for Handheld and Nonhandheld Engines
• Catalyst Durability

New and Emerging Technologies

15. Ambient Air Cleanup

• Premair® Catalyst Systems
• Other Approaches

16. Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Generation

• Low-Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Technology
• The Ideal Hydrogen Economy
• Conventional Hydrogen Generation
• Hydrogen Generation from Natural Gas for PEM Fuel Cells
• Other Fuel Cell Systems

Index

click here to see books of related interest