Comparative Risk Assessment offers a balanced overview and methodological examples for the practical implementation of the CRA.

Features:

• CRA in the USA, Europe and Germany, using case studies to analyze and exemplify the decision-making processes and challenges involved
• Includes an in-depth discussion of the underlying scientific hypotheses

Contents

Concepts and Definitions

• Risk
• Danger/Potential for Damage–Hazard
• Incertitude and Uncertainty
• Risk Assessment
• Risk Evaluation
• Risk Comparison
• Risk Management
• Risk Regulation
• Risk Communication

CRA in Practice

• Political Environment of CRA
• CRA in the USA
• CRA in Europe
• CRA in Germany
• Project Case Studies
• US EPA Unfinished Business Project
• Comparative RiskFramework Methodology and Case Study(USEPA)
• Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study
• ExternE Project
• Comprehensive Assessment of Energy Systems Project
• Classification of Carcinogenic Airborne Pollutants for the German TA Air Novella

The Empirical Foundations of CRA

• A Starting Point for Risk Comparisons
• Risk Comparisons as a Means of Risk Communication
• Procedural Challenges
• Framework: What is to be Kept in Mind when Determining the Systems Limit Options for CRA
• Risk Categories: What Inf luence Do They Have on Comparisons
• Attributes: What Inf luence Do They Have on Comparisons
• Assessment of the Attributes: What Inf luence Does the Measure of a Risk Have on Comparisons
• Comparisons: What Inf luence Does the Nature of the Comparison Have on the Comparison
• CRA Negotiations Under Conf lict
• Pitfalls in the Evaluation of One’s Own Position and Interests
• Pitfalls in the Evaluation of Other Parties
• Pitfalls in the Evaluation of Suggestions
• Pitfalls in the Evaluation of Outcomes

Conceptual Framework for an Integrated Comparative Risk Evaluation

• Methodological Problems of a CRA
• Problem: Uncertainty and Incertitude
• Problem: Evaluative Criteria
• Consequences for the Conduct of a CRA
• Methodology of Comparative Risk Evaluation
• Multiattribute Risk Evaluation: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches
• Conduct of a Multiattribute Evaluation

The Practical Implementation of CRA

• Limits of Comparability
• Goals of a Comparative Evaluation of Risks
• Preliminary Analysis
• Risk Assessment
• Risk Evaluation
• Risk Management
• Participation Models
• CRA Participants
• The Sequence of Events in a CRA
• The Organization of Communication

Index

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