Distillation Control enables readers to control distillation columns by approaching the subject from a process to develop, analyze, and troubleshoot all aspects of column controls.
Coverage includes:
- Composition control
- Pressure control and condensers
- Reboilers and feed preheaters
- Application of feedforward
- Unit optimization
- Complex towers
In addition to its detailed explanations, this book is filled with clear diagrams and illustrations that clarify complex concepts and guide readers through multi-step procedures.
Contents
1 Principles
- Separation Processes
- Total Material Balance
- Reflux and Boilup Ratios
- Total Material Balance around Condenser
- Total Material Balance around Reboiler
- Component Material Balances
- Energy and the Separation Factor
- Multicomponent Distillation
- Stage-by-Stage Separation Model
- Formulation of the Control Problem
- Tower Internals
- Flooding
- Tray Hydraulics
- Inverse Response in Bottoms Level
- Composition Dynamics
2 Composition Control
- Product Specifications
- Columns in Series
- Composition Analyzers
- Temperature
- Distillate Composition Control: Constant Boilup
- Distillate Composition Control: Constant Bottoms Flow
- Operating Lines
- Temperature Profiles
- Feed Composition Disturbances
- Bottoms Composition Control
- Propagation of Variance in Level Control Configurations
- Level Control in Direct Material Balance Configurations
3 Pressure Control and Condensers
- Pressure Control
- Once-Through Heat Transfer Processes
- Water-Cooled Condensers
- Flooded Condensers
- Air-Cooled Condensers
- Partial Condensers
- Atmospheric Towers
- Vacuum Towers
- Floating Pressure/Pressure Minimization
4 Reboilers and Feed Preheaters
- Types of Reboilers
- Steam-Heated Reboilers
- Hot Oil
- Fired Heaters
- Feed Preheater
- Economizer
5 Applying Feedforward
- Feed Flow and Composition
- Internal Reflux Control
- Extreme Feedforward
- Feedforward for Bottoms Level
- Feedforward for Column Pressure
- Product Compositions
6 Unit Optimization
- Energy and Separation
- Optimization of a Column
- Constraints in Distillation Columns
- Control Configurations for Single Constraint
- Control Configurations for Multiple Constraints
7 Double-End Composition Control
- Defining the Problem
- Options for Composition Control
- Relative Gain
- Relative Gains from Open Loop Sensitivities
- Relative Gains for Other Configurations
- Ratios for Manipulated Variables
- Effect of Operating Objectives
- MPC
8 Complex Towers
- Heat Integration
- Side Heater/Side Cooler
- Sidestreams
- Withdrawing a Liquid Sidestream
- Withdrawing a Vapor Sidestream
- Composition Control in Sidestream Towers
Index
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