Fire Behavior of Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses was written to provide its audience with the science and engineering need to better understand the combustibility of the products they manufacture, purchase, and try to extinguish.

Beginning with a brief overview of materials, safety design and standards, Fire Behavior of Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses covers topics such as flame ignition, spread, toxic gases, heat release rate (HRR), test methods, fire hazard analysis, and selected regulations in the US, UK, and EU.

Contents:

1. Introduction
   • General
   • Arrangement of the Book
   • Upholstered Furniture Structure and Mattresses
   • Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses
   • Design and Fire Safety
   • Upholstered Item Fire Statistics
   • Summary of Regulatory Development

2. Fundamentals
   • Pyrolysis and Combustion
   • Smoldering
   • Transition to Flaming
   • Flaming Ignition
   • Flame Spread
   • Heat Release
   • Propagating and Non-Propagating Fires
   • Inter-Item Spread
   • Interaction with Enclosure
   • Flashover
   • Smoke and Toxic Gases

3. Test Methods, Standards and Regulations
   • Cigarette Ignition
   • Flaming Fire Tests, Standards and Regulations
   • Smoke and Toxic Gases

4. Ignition Sources
   • Matches, Small Gas Flames and Methenamine Pills
   • Wood Cribs
   • Newspaper Sheets and Their Gas Burner Replacements
   • Waste Paper Baskets: Real and Simulated
   • Radiant Flux Ignition Sources
   • Other Ignition Sources and Locations
   • Large Open-Flame or Radiation Sources

5. Effects of Test Apparatus and of Test Scale
   • Comparison of Bench-Scale Results
   • Comparison of Bench and Full-Scale Results

6. Upholstered Item Design Engineering
   • Ignition Resistance to Cigarettes
   • Flaming Fires
   • Smoke
   • Toxic Products

7. Modeling
   • Introduction
   • Furniture Fire Models
   • A Component HRR Model for Furniture Composites

8. Fire Hazard Analysis
   • Smoldering Fires
   • Flaming Fires
   • The Role of HRR
   • The Role of Other Factors
   • Relationship of HRR and Available Escape Time
   • Hazard Predictions Based on Modeling

9. Conclusion

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