Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Degenerative Disease Prevention focuses on their mechanism of action in the human body leading to disease prevention.

This book deals with different functional foods in terms of their efficacy, highlighting the mechanism of action of their ingredients, focusing on the biochemistry and molecular biology of the disease prevention process rather than simply compiling the benefits of functional foods and nutraceuticals. Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Degenerative Disease Prevention offers a mechanism-based interpretation for the effect of nutraceuticals within the human body.

Contents

1 Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals, and Disease Prevention: A Window to the Future of Health Promotion

• Chronic Degenerative Diseases in Modern Society: Implications on Life Quality, Productivity, Economic Burden
• Health Regulatory Properties of Foods: “Prevention Is Better Than Cure”

2 Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

• Definition of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals
• Sources and Biological Effects of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals in Nature
• Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals: Health Claims and Benefits
• Qualifi ed Health Claims
• Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals: Safety Issues
• Regulation of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals
• Public Education and Dietary Guidance

3 Nutritional Genomics: Fundamental Role of Diet in Chronic Disease Prevention and Control

• Nutrigenetics
• Complexities of chronic disease research in nutrigenetics
• Chronic Disease and Rare SNPs
• CVD and Nutrigenetics
• Nutrigenetics and Cancer
• Summary of Nutrigenetic Research Potential
• Nutriepigenetics
• Epimutations in Chronic Disease
• Summary of Epigenetic Research Potential
• Nutrigenomics
• Vitamin A and Gene Interactions
• Vitamin E and Nutrigenomics
• Vitamin D and Gene Interactions
• Phytoestrogens and Gene Interactions
• Phytosterols and Gene Interactions
• Polyphenols and Gene Interactions
• Nutrigenomics Summary: Advantages, Limitations, Future

4 Nutraceuticals and Antioxidant Function

• Oxidative Stress and ROS
• Antioxidants and Antioxidative Defense Systems
• Phytochemicals
• Antioxidant Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
• Mechanism of Action of Antioxidant and Antioxidative Stress Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
• Production of Antioxidant Peptides
• Recent Advances in Analytical Techniques for Measuring Antioxidant Capacity and Oxidative Damage
• Health Benefi ts of Nutraceutical Antioxidants

5 Composition and Chemistry of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals: Infl uence on Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability

• Polyphenols as Antioxidants
• Antioxidant Activity of Anthocyanins
• Anthocyanin Biosynthesis and Localization
• Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability of Polyphenols
• Microstructural Characteristics of Grape Juice
• Physicochemical Properties of the Dialyzed Juice Fraction
• Ultrastructural Analysis of Juice Fractions
• Composition of Juice Fractions
• Antioxidant Activity of Juice Fractions
• Metabolism and Bioavailability of Flavonoids
• Dietary Polyphenols and Prevention of Diseases
• Increasing Health Benefi cial Properties of Juices

6 Cruciferous Vegetable-Derived Isothiocyanates and Cancer Prevention

• Metabolism of Xenobiotics
• ITCs and Inhibition of Cancer

7 The Disease-Preventive Potential of Some Popular and Underutilized Seeds

• Oil Seeds and Their Therapeutic Potential
• Spice Seeds as Medicine
• Legumes and Medicinal Use
• Underutilized Seeds

8 Effects of Carotenoids and Retinoids on Immune-Mediated Chronic Inflammation in Infl ammatory Bowel Disease

• Carotenoids
• IBDs
• Phytochemicals and Downregulation of IBD
• Effects of Carotenoids on Immune Genetic Mechanism of IBD
• Effects of Retinoids and Carotenoids on the Oxidative Stress Signaling Pathway

9 Ruminant Trans Fat as Potential Nutraceutical Components to Prevent Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease

• c9,t11-CLA Isomer and Health Implications
• CLA modulates carcinogenesis
• Mechanisms of CLA Action on Cancer
• CLA Modulates CHD Risk Factors
• Mechanisms of CLA Action on CHD
• Vaccenic Acid
• Dairy Fat Enriched with VA and CLA

10 Nanotechnology for Cerebral Delivery of Nutraceuticals for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases

• Oxidative Stress in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and AD
• Efficacy of Selected Components of Nutraceutical Compounds in the Amyloid Cascade and in the Prevention of AD
• Targeted NPs for Delivery of Bioactives Compounds from Foods for the Treatment of AD

11 Cancer Prevention by Polyphenols: Influence on Signal Transduction and Gene Expression

• Genetic Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis
• Biochemical Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis
• Signaling Pathways in Breast Cancer
• Cancer Prevention and Therapy
• Grapes and Red Wine as a Dietary Source of Polyphenols
• Genetic Approach: Identifi cation of Flavonoid Mediated Molecular Targets
• Estrogen Metabolism, Breast Cancer, and Flavonoids
• Polyphenols and Estrogen Signaling

12 Potato–Herb Synergies as Food Designs for Hyperglycemia and Hypertension Management

• Phenolic-Enriched Chilean Potato and Select Species of Apiaceae and Lamiaceae Families in Diet
• Combination of Potato with Seeds and/or Herbs for Hypertension and Hyperglycemia Management
• Combining the Chilean Potato with Seeds and Herbs from the Apiaceae and Lamiaceae Families

13 Fermentation-Based Processing of Food Botanicals for Mobilization of Phenolic Phytochemicals for Type 2 Diabetes Management

• Diabetes: The Rising Burden
• Fermentation and Health: A Historical Perspective
• Fermentation: Adding Value
• Phenolic Antioxidants and Diabetes Management
• Microbial Aerobic Growth and Fermentation and Its Anti-Diabetes Potential by Phenolic and Antioxidant Mobilization
• Fruit Juice Fermentation for Healthy Food Ingredients for Management of Type 2 Diabetes

14 Postharvest Strategies to Enhance Bioactive Ingredients for Type 2 Diabetes Management and Heart Health

• Changing Dietary Patterns: A Historical Perspective
• Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases: Era of New Global Epidemics
• Healthy Diet: “Prevention Is Better Than Cure”
• Bioactive Ingredients
• Dietary Polyphenols: Impact on Human Health
• Phenolic Biosynthesis: Biological Mechanism to Improve Dietary Polyphenols in Plant Models
• Postharvest Strategies to Improve Bioactive Ingredients in Fruits and Vegetables
• Phenolic-Linked Antioxidant Activity During Postharvest Stages in Fruits and Relevance for Type 2 Diabetes
• Future Direction of Research: When Functional Food and Diet Become “Panacea”

15 Enhancing Functional Food Ingredients in Fruits and Vegetables

• Strategies for Nutritional Enhancement
• Improving the Mineral Content of Plant Foods
• Improving the Antioxidants Content of Plant Foods
• Improving the Amino Acid Content of Proteins of Plant Foods
• Improving the Fatty Acid Composition of Plant Seed Oil
• Influence of Processing and Storage in the Nutritive Value of Plant Foods

Index

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