Lipoic Acid is divided into three sections.

Section One: Discovery and Molecular Structure reviews the early studies leading to the discovery of alpha-lipoic acid and explains the molecular structure, biosynthesis, and the characterization of lipoic acid and its chemical derivatives.

Section II: Metabolic Aspects describes in detail the human pharmacokinetics of alpha-lipoic acid including the lipoic acid-derived dehydrogenase complexes and their roles in energy metabolism.

Section III: Clinical Aspects discusses enzyme deficiency disorders and the effects of lipoic acid on insulin.

Lipoic Acid

• Compiles expert contributions to provide researchers with a state-of-the-science benchmark
• Reviews early discoveries and the basic structure, biosynthesis, and characterization of lipoic acid
• Defines the role of lipoic acid in energy production and antioxidant activity
• Explains the pharmacodynamics and metabolism of lipoic acid
• Describes clinical applications with supporting evidence from animal models

Lipoic Acid is the most comprehensive, up-to-date account of the impact of this potentially key molecule in diminishing the damaging effects of aging and disease.

Contents

Section One

1. Discovery molecular structure
2. A Trail of Research on Lipoic Acid
3. Lipoic Acid Biosynthesis
4. The Search for Potent Acid Derivatives: Chemical and Pharmacological Aspects
5. Novel Indole Lipoic Acid Derivatives: Synthesis and their Antioxidant Effects

Section Two

6. Metabolic aspects
7. The a-keto Acid Dehydrogenase Complexes and Glycine Cleavage System: Their Involvement in Pathways of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat Metabolism
8. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Regulation and Lipoic Acid
9. Role of Lipoyl Domains in the Function and Regulation of the Mammalian Pyruvate
10. Dehydrogenase Complex
11. Inactivation and Inhibition of a-ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase: Oxidative Modulation of Lipoic Acid
12. Lipoate-Protein Ligase A: Structure and Function
13. A Review of the Stability and Preliminary Evaluation of the Plasma Pharmacokinetics of R-lipoic acid and R-Dihydrolipoic Acid Dosage Forms in Human Plasma from Healthy Volunteers
14. The Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism and Renal Excretion of a-lipoic Acid and its Main Metabolites in Humans
15. Modulation of Cellular Redox and Metabolic Status by Lipoic Acid
16. The “Redoxin” Connection of Lipoic Acid
17. Lipoic Acid as an Inducer of Phase II Detoxification Enzymes through Activation of Nrf2-dependent Gene Expression

Section Three

18. Clinical aspects
19. Deficiency Disorders of Components of the PDH Complex: E2, BP & E3 Deficiencies
20. The Relationship between Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Lipoic Acid
21. Effects of Lipoic Acid on Insulin Action in Animal Models of Insulin Resistance
22. Activation of Cytoprotective Signaling Pathways by Alpha-Lipoic Acid
23. Selenotrisulfide Derivatives of Alpha Lipoic Acid: Potential Use as a Novel Topical Antioxidant
24. Alpha-Lipoic Acid: A Potent Mitochondrial Nutrient for Improving Memory Deficit, Oxidative Stress, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction
25. Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on AMP-Activated Kinase in Different Tissues: Therapeutic Implications for the Metabolic Syndrome

Index

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