edited by
Julius Z. Knapp et al

This outstanding single-source reference presents state-of-the-art developments on the measurement and detection of particles in liquids and surfaces used in industry–covering each subject addressed in detail, including regulations for particle contamination limits, methods of measurement, sample requirements, and subtle measurement problems.

Contents

1. Particle Characterization in Liquids: Background Information
2. Microscopy: The Setup and Operation of the Polarized-Light Microscopy Lab for Particle Identification
3. Image Analysis (Automated Microscopy) for Particle Analysis
4. The Electrical Sensing Zone Method (The Coulter Principle)
5. Particle Sizing Using Ensemble Averaging Techniques
6. In Situ Particle Measurement
7. Holographic Methods
8. Instrumental Analysis of Particulate Matter
9. Evaluation and Validation of Nondestructive Particle Inspection Methods and Systems
10. Validation of Counting Accuracy in Single-Particle Counters: Application of a New Coincidence Model
11. Particles in Semiconductor Manufacturing Process Liquids
12. A Systematic Approach for Particle Counting Petroleum Oils
13. Sources of Particulate Matter in Pharmaceutical and Medical Products
14. Physiological Consequences of Injected Particulates
15. Diagnostic Applications of Microspheres
16. Reference Materials in Particle Measurements
17. Selective Particle Capture with Transparent Sieves in the Evaluation of Contamination in Parenteral Solutions
18. Particle Size Distribution Analysis Using Light Scattering
19. Industry's Role in the Development of Standards and Controls for Particulate Matter in Small Volume Injectables
20. Pharmaceutical Clean Laboratory Operations
21. Particles in Fluids and on Surfaces: Specialized Bibliography

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