Practice of Gel Permeation and Gel Filtration Chromatography
Second Edition
by Andre Striegel
Modern Size-Exclusion Liquid Chromatography offers a complete guide to the theories, methods, and applications of size-exclusion chromatography.
It provides an unparalleled, integrated, up-to-date treatment of gel permeation and gel filtration chromatography.
Modern Size-Exclusion Liquid Chromatography brings the book thoroughly up to date, with expert coverage of:
- New and emerging industrial and research applications
- Practical aspects of size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and multidetector and multidimensional
- SEC technologies for polymer architecture and copolymer analysis
- Updated information on the latest equipment and techniques
- New best practices for the lab
- SEC in relation to polymer characterization techniques such as GPEC, LCCC, and rheology
Throughout the text, detailed examples guide you step by step through all the latest techniques and applications.
Contents
1. Background
- History
- Utility of SEC
- Molar Mass Averages and Molar Mass Distribution
- Structure of This Book
2. Retention
- Solute Retention in LC
- Solute Retention in SEC
- SEC Retention Mechanism
- Theoretical Models of SEC Separation
- Other Considerations
3. Band Broadening
- LC Plate Theory
- Mechanism of SEC Band Broadening
- Influencing Factors
- Experimental Methods
4. Resolution
- Resolution Concept in SEC of Polymers
- Molar Mass Accuracy Criterion
- Applications of Column Performance Criteria
- Pore Geometry and Operational Effects
5. Equipment
- Extracolumn Effects - General
- Mobile-Phase Reservoirs, Inlet Filters, and Degassers
- Solvent-Metering Systems (Pumps)
- Sample Injectors and Autosamplers
- Miscellaneous Hardware
- Laboratory Safety
6. The Column
- Column Packings
- Column Packing Methods
- Column Performance
7. Experimental Variables and Techniques
- Solvent Effects
- Substrate Effects
- Sample Effects
- Laboratory Techniques
- Solvent Selection and Preparation
- Selection and Use of Standard Reference Materials
- Detector Selection
- Column Selection and Handling
- Chromatographic Design Considerations
- Making the Separation
- Troubleshooting
8. Calibration
- Calibration with Narrow-MMD Standards
- Calibration with Broad-MMD Standards
- Accuracy of Calibration Methods
- Actual Molar Mass Across the SEC Elution Curve
- Linear Calibration Ranges
- Recent Developments and Recommendations on Band-Broadening Correction (BBC)
9. Physical Detectors
- Concentration-Sensitive Detectors
- Static Light Scattering Detection, SLS
- Quasi-Elastic Light Scattering Detection, QELS
- Viscometric Detection, VISC
- SEC3
10. Chemical Detectors
- Mass Spectrometry, MS
- Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, FT-IR
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, NMR
- Other Chemical Detectors
- Coupling of Chemical Detectors
11. Polymer Architecture and Dilute Solution Thermodynamics
- Long-Chain Branching, LCB
- Determining the Short-Chain Branching Distribution, SCBD
- Polymer Architecture: Conformation and Topology
- Star Polymers
- Determining the Persistence Length, Lp
- Determining the Characteristic Ratio, Cn
- Local Polydispersity
12. Aqueous Sec
- Aqueous SEC Columns
- Non-Size-Exclusion Effects and Mobile Phase Additives
- Select Applications of Aqueous SEC
13. Oligomeric SEC
- What is an Oligomer?
- Preliminary Considerations
- Oligomeric SEC Columns
- Select Applications of Oligomeric SEC
- Optimizing Resolution in Oligomeric SEC
14. SEC in 2D-LC Separations
- Principles of 2D Polymer Separations
- Designing an Experimental 2D-LC Protocol
- Eluent Transfer in 2D-LC
- Stop-Flow SEC - LC
- Select Applications of 2D-LC
- SEC in 3D Separations
15. Special Techniques
- Preparative SEC
- Recycle SEC
- High-Speed SEC
- Inverse SEC, ISEC
- Vacancy and Differential SEC
- Size-Exclusion Electrochromatography, SEEC
16. High-Temperature SEC and Rheological Connections
- High-Temperature SEC, HT-SEC
- Complementarity of SEC and Rheology
Index
to see books of related interest