An updated and unified approach to mass spectral interpretation, emphasizing the application of basic principles!
Understanding Mass Spectra: A Basic Approach presents the introductory-level student with the fundamental concepts of mass spectrometry, providing a useful foundation for solving basic problems in a laboratory setting.
Completely revised, the Second Edition includes:
- A detailed overview of theory and instrumentation
- Step-by-step descriptions of interpretative strategies
- Many fascinating real-world case studies and examples
- Additional skill-building problems with clearly explained answers
- Easy-to-follow explanations of all important mathematical derivations
- Convenient lists and tables of information needed to identify unknowns
- Additional suggested readings
Containing problems and examples with a wide range of complexity, Understanding Mass Spectra emphasizes simple, practical treatments of topics such as fragmentation types and underlying mathematical relationships. Mastering these treatments allows for a solid grounding in basic principles and encourages advanced investigation. With this emphasis on comprehension, it provides a vital introduction to the field for upper-level undergraduates and beginning graduates, as well as a valuable resource for professional chemists working in analytical laboratories.
Contents
Abbreviations and Notations Used in This Book
- Instrumentation
- Introduction
- Ionization Source
- m/z Analysis
- Ion Detection
- Data System
- Criteria for Good-Quality Spectra
- Elemental Composition from Peak Intensities
- Natural Isotopic Abundances
- Determining Elemental Composition from Isotope
- Obtaining Elemental Compositions from Isotope Peak Intensities
- Ionization, Fragmentation, and Electron Accounting
- A Brief Review of Orbitals and Bonding
- Even- and Odd- Electron Species
- Site of Initial Ionization
- Types of Fragmentation
- The Nitrogen Rule
- Energy Considerations in Fragmentation Processes
- Neutral Losses and Ion Series
- Neutral Losses
- Low-Mass Ion Series
- A Rational Approach to Mass Spectral Problem Solving
- Guidelines for Solving Mass Spectral Problems
- β-Cleavage and Related Fragmentations
- Introduction
- Benzylic Cleavage
- Cleavage Next to Aliphatic Nitrogen
- Cleavages of Aliphatic Oxygenated Compounds
- Elimination Fragmentations in Oxygen and Nitrogen Compounds
- Important Mass Spectral Rearrangements
- Introduction
- y-Hydrogen Rearrangement
- Cyclohexanone-Type Rearrangement
- Retro Diels-Alder Fragmentation
- Double-Hydrogen (McLafferty + 1) Rearrangement
- Rationalizing Mass Spectral Fragmentations
- General Guidelines
- Loss of Small Molecules
- Ephedrine
- Ortho Effect: The Hydroxybenzoic Acids
- Structure Determination in Complex Molecules Using Mass Spectrometry
- Introduction
- "Designer Drugs" Related to MDA
- Phencyclidine and Its Analogs
- A Practical Problem
- Answers to Problems
Index
to see books • videos • cd-roms of related interest